Tobacco Cessation within TB programmes: A ‘real world’ solution for countries with dual burden of disease
Project Progress :
Started Date:January 01 2016 Completed Date:December 30 2019
Tobacco Cessation within TB programmes: A ‘real world’ solution for countries with dual burden of disease
Categories :Randomized Control Trial (RCT)
CompletedBackground
Tobacco smoking almost doubles the risk of acquiring TB infection. Moreover, the odds of developing active TB disease for smokers are twice those of non-smokers. Smoking also affects the dynamics of disease progression in individuals with latent TB; a strong association of active disease with smoking is seen among tuberculin skin test (TST) positive individuals, suggesting that smoking induces progression or reactivation in those infected with TB. Tobacco smoking also has profound effects on TB treatment outcomes. Smoking increases the risk of dying from TB, after adjusting for socioeconomic status. Smoking also leads to faster and more severe progression of pulmonary TB disease, with more cavity lesions and greater likelihood of hospitalization. Smoking increases the length of treatment needed to convert sputum culture from positive to negative in TB patients. Default or poor drug compliance among TB patients has also been associated with smoking.
The research is centered on three countries that have high incidence of tobacco use and high prevalence of TB, namely Bangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan. In Nepal, HERD International is implementing this study to reduce the burden of tobacco-related lung diseases. Our approach is to integrate tobacco cessation strategies into TB control programmes, which consists of different work packages/activities.
Goals and objectives of the program
The major objectives of this program is to reduce the burden of lung diseases in low-and middle-income countries (LMIC) by integrating inexpensive tobacco cessation strategies of proven efficacy (behavioral and pharmacological) into tuberculosis (TB) control programs.
Implementation activities
The program has been divided into different work packages for the ease of the implementation. HERD International has conducted following activities:
Work packages |
Activities |
Work package 1. Development and feasibility |
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Work package 2. Process evaluation |
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Work package 3. Context evaluation |
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Work package 4. Scale up and sustainability |
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Project Focal person
This project's focal person is Mr. Prabin Shrestha